New housing proposal to break apartheid barriers
The City of Cape Town could build low-cost housing on the sites of its golf courses and bowling greens, says report.
Author:
22 March 2019
While more than half a million Capetonians live in shack settlements, the Rondebosch Golf Club pays the City of Cape Town only R1 000 a month for the use of 450 000m² of well-situated land.
With a full membership costing R15 750 a year, and fees of about R150 to play a round in off-peak times, the golf course is inaccessible to the vast majority of residents, including those who live around it.
The golf club’s lease with the City is contained in a new report on City-owned land by non-governmental organisation and legal clinic Ndifuna Ukwazi, which says some of the best land in the city “is being used as a dog play park” for the @Frits Pet Hotel and Daycare Centre, described as the largest of its kind in the world.
The report, City Leases: Cape Town’s Failure to Redistribute Land, proposes a “radical new deal” for housing on 24 tracts of City-owned land, including golf courses, bowling greens, country clubs and parking lots. These are spread across the city, from Camps Bay to Strand to Fish Hoek. Detailed proposals are provided for five of them:
1. Rondebosch Golf Club
2. Buitengracht corridor
3. Harrington Square
4. Green Point Bowling Green
5. Fish Hoek Bowling Green
The Rondebosch golf course is the largest area of land. Two-thirds of the golf course is above the 100-year floodline and Ndifuna Ukwazi calculates that the land could offer 183 360m² of built space for a mainly residential development that includes a communal space, offices, shops, schools and social amenities.
Depending on the mix of social and market-related housing, about 2 500 residential units could be built there, says the report. These would include single stands and mid- to high-density apartment blocks as a mixture of market-related, social and gap homes (the latter are subsidised by the state for those earning between R3 500 and R15 000 a month), set in a green space along the Black River.
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The authors – Nick Budlender, Julian Sendin and Jared Rossouw – calculated scenarios for the Rondebosch golf course in which residential units are built according to a 40% market-related and 60% social housing split (including 20% for gap housing); a 50-50 split between market and social housing; and a 60-40 split.
The square meterage of individual units in the calculations ranges from 50m² for a market bachelor flat and 30m² bachelor for social housing, while a two-bedroom flat built for the market would be 70m² and one built for social housing would be 45m², which is the average size of an RDP house.
There could also be 116 freestanding homes on lots of 400m² each and 454 two-bedroom gap houses on 55m², all set within public and semi-private green space with a promenade along the Black River providing direct pedestrian access to Mowbray.
The 30 separate blocks could each be owned through sectional title schemes and, ideally, would each contain a mix of social and market housing rather than economic differences being divided into separate blocks.
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Similar modelling is done for the Harrington Square parking lot, the seven parcels of land that are used mostly as parking lots on lower Buitengracht Street, and for the Green Point Bowling Green, which the report says deputy mayor Ian Neilson has committed publicly for social housing.
For Fish Hoek, which has a density of 884 people per km² while nearby Masiphumelele bursts at the seams with a density of more than 40 000 people per km² (2011 data), the proposal is for 171 units built as three-storey walk-ups all dedicated to social housing.
These five portions of land could yield 6 473 housing units when calculated on the conservative model in which 60% of the units are built for sale on the market.
More than 500 000 of Cape Town’s four million residents are living in shack settlements, according to a recent report by the African Centre for Cities on lessons learnt from the drought. This figure does not take back yard dwellers into account.
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The development of just these five out of a possible 24 pieces of city-owned land would bring in an extra R35 million a year for the City in rates paid by those in the market units. Residents in the R3 500 to R18 000 a month pay bracket who qualify for social or gap housing are exempt from paying rates, but would contribute payments for services.
At present, these leases bring in only thousands of rands a year. This is “an injustice to the majority of residents of this city who are without access to land or decent housing”, say the report’s authors. “If we are to disrupt the replication of spatial apartheid and build a spatially just, inclusive and environmentally sustainable city, then we need a radical new deal for the use of public land.”
The report says communities are not able to compel the City to review its land use decisions and public participation on leases and disposals is ignored. It calls for new legislation, “which obliges government to review and rationalise its underused public land for redistribution” and says “the onus should be on the City of Cape Town to defend why the status quo should continue and land should not be redistributed”.
If the Cape Town municipality makes poor choices about land use, say Budlender, Sendin and Rossouw, other spheres of government should expropriate the land.
This article was first published by GroundUp.
