Activist farmers in Brazil feed the hungry
As the president downplays the coronavirus crisis, the Landless Workers Movement has mobilised its extensive networks to provide people with food and medical assistance.
Author:
14 May 2020
For months, President Jair Bolsonaro of Brazil has insisted the coronavirus is not a serious threat. Beyond instituting a national lockdown in mid-March, his government has left 209 million Brazilians largely without federal help during the pandemic.
Brazil has the most confirmed Covid-19 cases in Latin America: 101 826 infections Covid-19 cases and 7 051 deaths as of 4 May 2020. Nonetheless Bolsonaro continues shaking hands, hugging supporters and pushing to reopen the country. In April he fired his health minister for promoting social distancing.
Some governors are defying the right-wing Bolsonaro’s calls to restart the economy, and Brazil’s Congress recently approved a monthly cash payment of US$114 to help 54 million newly unemployed workers – less than the $190 national minimum wage.
Since other federal aid does not appear to be forthcoming, neighbourhood associations, churches, community groups and unions are stepping in to support struggling Brazilians.
Related article:
One of Brazil’s civilian-led initiatives goes well beyond the average mutual aid society. Drawing on its vast network of farms, doctors, schools and restaurants, an activist group called the Landless Workers Movement is providing food, medical care and other pandemic support to hundreds of thousands of Brazilians nationwide.
Landless workers change Brazil
The Landless Workers Movement was born in 1984, after groups of landless families began to occupy rural estates that were lying fallow.
Brazil has extremely unequal land distribution. One percent of the population owns about 50% of the arable land.
Because Brazilian law requires land to be used for a “social function”, the occupations effectively forced the government to buy up these estates and allow squatters to farm there, not through a land deed but through “use rights”.
Since 1984 the Landless Workers Movement has won such land access for 1.5 million aspiring farmers.
My research on this Brazilian agricultural movement examines what happens to rural squatters after they win land. New farmers need more than land – they need a home, schools for their children, health care, seeds, fertiliser and, often, training.
Related article:
As an activist movement, the Landless Workers Movement organises rallies and protests pushing the Brazilian government to support agricultural communities. More unusually, however, it also has a network of institutions dedicated to serving Brazilian squatter farmers.
In partnership with state and local governments in 23 of Brazil’s 26 states, Landless Workers activists help to run 170 community health clinics, 100 agricultural cooperatives, 66 food processing factories and 1 900 farmer associations, according to the movement’s own count.
These jointly operated services, developed over the past 35 years, are largely funded by the government but staffed and governed by the Landless Workers Movement.
As I documented in my 2019 book on the Landless Workers education initiatives, the group also runs 2 000 primary and secondary schools and co-manages degree programmes at 80 universities. Its education system has served more than 400 000 students since 1984.
Solidarity in practice
Now, all these resources are being redirected toward the coronavirus pandemic.
The movement has donated over 500 tons of produce like watermelons and yucca to hospitals and poor neighbourhoods, transformed six urban cafes into soup kitchens for the homeless and converted some education buildings into makeshift hospitals staffed in part by its 130 affiliated doctors.
The Landless Workers Movement is also running a blood donation campaign and producing rubbing alcohol, soap and face masks for local clinics.
Some 10 000 teachers who belong to the Landless Workers Movement are helping Brazilian public schools adapt to remote learning.
To a public steeped in President Bolsonaro’s coronavirus skepticism, the movement’s national communications network of newspapers, radio, social media and live streaming – normally used to share organisation news – is now broadcasting health information.
Related article:
Though the Landless Workers Movement is a rural initiative, its pandemic response operates in cities, too.
To feed hungry families in Santa Maria da Boa Vista, a poor municipality in northeastern Brazil, activist Ronaldo Rodriguez asked his fellow Landless Workers for donations. In just one day, he told me, his team collected three tons of produce from farmers who’d obtained their land with the movement’s help.
“We are practicing social distancing but also community solidarity,” said Rodriguez, a rural school supervisor who graduated college with assistance from the Landless Workers Movement.
‘Stay home but not silent’
Brazil’s Landless Workers Movement is an exception to the rule that grassroots movements avoid partnering with government. Activists typically see their role as pressuring government from the outside and fear that working with government allows politicians to coopt, or take over, their cause.
Criticism of government remains central to the Landless Workers Movement’s work. With other activist groups, the Landless Workers Movement is demanding that the Bolsonaro administration support quarantine efforts, invest in public health and send food and financial assistance to Brazilians.
“The current government has done nothing to help,” says Indiane Witcel, a 26-year-old economist who works as an accountant in one of the movement’s agricultural cooperatives, COOPAN.
Witcel was born at COOPAN, in Rio Grande do Sul state, near Brazil’s border with Uruguay, back when it was a squatter encampment. Her mother helped occupy and cultivate the land using the Landless Workers Movement’s preferred sustainable farming methods.
Related article:
Since the coronavirus pandemic began, COOPAN has donated 12 tons of its organic rice to poor urban neighbourhoods in nearby Porto Alegre city.
“Solidarity should be part of everyday practice,” Witcel told me. “Now more than ever when so many people are in difficult situations.”
With hospitals already overflowing with patients and Covid-19 infections still climbing, Brazil’s already difficult situation is likely to worsen.
The Landless Workers Movement has a message for Brazilians during this crisis, promoted on Twitter and in its media outlets. Like its coronavirus response, the hashtag slogan combines pandemic assistance with an implicit rebuke to Brazil’s president.
It’s #FicaEmCasaMasNãoEmSilêncio: “Stay home but not silent.”
This article was first published by The Conversation.
